POLLUTION LEVEL ASSESSMENT OF ROAD DUST FROM ISLAMABAD EXPRESSWAY
Abstract
Thirteen road dust and four soil samples were analyzed using Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) and Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FAAS) to determine the elemental composition of road dust collected from Islamabad Expressway. Pollution parameters and indicators such as Enrichment Factors (EFs), Pollution Load Index (PLI), Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Pollution Index (PI) and Integrated Pollution Index (IPI) were calculated and showed that the area around Islamabad Expressway is low to moderately polluted especially by elements such as Mg and Sb. The IPI of the elements was found to vary in the order; Mg>Sb>Cu>Sr Pb>Ga>Na >Sn Zn>Yb>Se>Hf. The 5 samples collected around the busy intersections of Faizabad and Zero Point have higher amounts of most of the elements determined. Moreover the pollution indices for these samples indicate that these sites are more contaminated than the remaining 8 sampling sites.References
K. Ljung, A. Torin, M. Smirk, F. Maley, A.
Cook and P. Weinstein, Sci. Total Environ.
(2008) 589.
M. Legret and C. Pagotto, Environ. Technol.
(2006) 247.
S. TokalioÄŸlu, S. Kartal and G. Birol, J.
Environ. Monitor. 5 (2003) 468.
S. Iqbal, M. Wasim, M. Tufail, M. Arif and M.
M. Chaudhry, Environ. Monit. Assess. 184
(2012) 5497.
X. Lu, L. Wanga, K. Lei, J Huang and Y Zhai,
J. Hazard. Mater. 161 (2009) 1058.
L. Ferreira-Baptista and E. De Miguel,
Atmos. Environ. 39 (2005) 4501
M. Migliorini, G. Pigino, N. Bianchi, F. Bernini
and C. Leonzio, Environ. Pollut. 129 (2004)
A.K. Krishna and P.K. Govil, Environ. Geol.
(2004) 38.
A.B. Chelani, D.G. Gajghate and S. Devotta,
Bull. Environ. Contam. Tox. 81 (2008) 190.
M.I. Román, A. Contreras and M Molero,
Water Air Soil Pollut. 3, No. 5-6 (2003) 17.
Y. Faiz, M.T. Javed, M.M Chaudhary, N.
Siddique and M. Tufail, Microchem. J. 92
(2009) 186.
Y. Faiz, N. Siddique and M. Tufail, J Environ
Sci & Hlth, Part A 47, No. 6 (2012) 818.
S. Waheed, N. Siddique, Q. Hamid and M.M.
Chaudhry, J. Radioanal Nucl. Chem. 285,
No. 3 (2010) 723.
N. Sezgin, H.K. Ozcan, G. Demir, S.
Nemlioglu and C. Bayat, Environ. Int. 29
(2003) 979.
S. Waheed, J.H. Zaidi, S. Ahmad and M.
Saleem, Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 81, No.
(2001) 221.
S. Waheed, A. Rahman, N. Siddique and S
Ahmad, Geostand. Geoanal. Res. 31, No. 2
(2007) 133.
S. Ahmad, J.H Zaidi, A. Rahman, I.H.
Qureshi and M. Saleem, Toxicol. Environ.
Chem. 83 (2001) 13.
J.H.Zaidi, I.H. Qureshi, M. Arif and I. Fatima,
J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 196 (1995) 125.
S. Waheed, M. Waseem, A. Rahman and S.
Ahmad, Geostand. Geoanal. Res. 25 (2001)
M. Wasim, The Nucleus 47, No. 2 (2010)
R. Dybozynski and O. Suschny, Final report
on the Intercomparison Run SL-1, IAEA Lab.
Seiberdorf, IAEA/RL/64 (1979).
L. Pszonicki, A.N. Hanna and O. Suschny, in:
IAEA/RL/112 Report on Intercomparison
IAEA/Soil-7 for the determination of Trace
Elements in soil (1984).
A. Shakhashiro, A. Trinkl, A. Torvenyi, E.
Zeiller, T. Benesch and U. Sansone, in:
IAEA/AL/168, Report on the IAEA-CU-2006-
Proficiency Test on the Determination of
Major, Minor and Trace Elements in Ancient
Chinese Ceramic, Seibersdorf, Austria
(2006).
N. Siddique and S. Waheed, J. Chem. Soc.
Pak. 33, No. 6 (2011) 839.
N. Guvenc, O. Alagha and G. Tuncel,
Environ. Int. 29, No. 5 (2003) 631.
S.R. Taylor, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 28
(1964) 1273.
M.N. Rashed, Clean 36, No. 10-11 (2008)
S. Waheed, N. Siddique, A. Rahman, J.H.
Zaidi and S. Ahmad, J. Radioanal. Nucl.
Chem. 260 (2004) 523.
M. Daud, M. Wasim, N. Khalid, J.H. Zaidi and
J. Iqbal, Radiochim. Acta 97, No. 2 (2009)
G. Müller, Geojournal. 2 (1969) 108.
S. TokalioÄŸlu and S. Kartal, Atmos. Environ.
(2006) 2797.
T.B. Chen, Y.M. Zheng, M. Lei, Z.C. Huang,
H.T. Wu, H. Chen, K.K Fan, K. Yu, X. Wu
and Q.Z. Tian, Chemosphere 60 (2005) 542.
