Hydrocarbon Reservoir Evaluation and Fault Seal Analysis of Balkassar Area, Potwar Sub Basin, Pakistan

Authors

  • U. Shakir Bahria University, Islamabad campus
  • M. Abbas Bahria University, Student
  • W. Ahmad National Center of Physics, Earthquake Studies
  • M. F. Mahmood Bahria University, Assistant professor
  • M. Hussain LMK Resources
  • M. Anwar Bahria University, Islamabad
  • U. Sikandar Bahria University, Student
  • T. Naseem bahria University, Student

Abstract

Balkassar oilfield is one of the major hydrocarbon producing field in Potwar Plateau, Upper Indus
Basin, Pakistan. This field has been producing oil and gas from fractured carbonate deposits of Eocene
and Paleocene age. So, in order to delineate the hydrocarbon potential of the Balkassar area, 2D seismic
interpretation and petrophysical analysis has been carried out and is represented in the current study
using five seismic lines and one well. Balkassar field is geographically located in central part of Potwar
Sub-basin. Geologically it is located in Himalayan foreland fold and thrust belt, which is dominated by
thrusting and folding features. The salt tectonics is responsible for the formation of structural traps in
Balkassar area. The direction of deformation is in NW- SE direction. The main reservoir formations of
Balkassar area are Chorgali Formation and Sakesar Limestone which are charged by shales of Patala
Formation of Paleocene age. Formations were identified on the seismic section on the basis of timedepth
chart and well tops. Petroleum trap is a structural trap where major thrust and back thrust bound
the anticline, and sealing impact is provided by both clays of Murree Formation and faults which is
further confirmed through fault seal analysis (Allan diagram). One reservoir zone has been identified in
Chorgali Formation using petrophysical analysis, which indicates effective porosity of 3.08%, 40.5%
water saturation and 59.5% hydrocarbon saturation. Based on the statistical analysis performed, it is
concluded that the Chorgali Formation is more economically promising as compared to Sakesar
Limestone. Volumetric reserves calculation is done to estimate the volume of original oil in place (OOIP)
for the Chorgali Formation, which comes out to be 18.6 Million Barrels for P90 case.

Author Biographies

U. Shakir, Bahria University, Islamabad campus

Department of earth and Environmental sciences, Assistant professor

M. Abbas, Bahria University, Student

Department of earth and Environmental sciences,

W. Ahmad, National Center of Physics, Earthquake Studies

Center of Earth Quake Studies, Senior Scientist

M. F. Mahmood, Bahria University, Assistant professor

Department of earth and Environmental sciences, Assistant professor

M. Hussain, LMK Resources

Jinnah Avenue, Blue Area, Islamabad

M. Anwar, Bahria University, Islamabad

Deptt of Earth and Environ. Sci.

U. Sikandar, Bahria University, Student

Department of earth and Environmental sciences,

T. Naseem, bahria University, Student

Department of earth and Environmental sciences, Student

References

[1] R. Frodeman, “Geological reasoning: geology as an interpretive and historical science”, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. no. 107, no. 8, pp. 960-968, 1995.
[2] E.C. Rankey and J.C.Mitchell, “That's why it's called interpretation: impact of horizon uncertainty on seismic attribute analysis”, Lead. Edge, vol. 22, pp. 820-828, 2003.
[3] C.E. Bond, C.Philo and Z.K.Shipton, “When there isn't a right answer: interpretation and reasoning, key skills for Twenty-first century geoscience”, Int. J. Sci. Educ., vol. 33, no. 5, pp.629-652, 2011.
[4] B.A. Shami and M.S. Baig, “Geomodeling for the enhancement of hydrocarbon potential of Joya Mair field, Potwar, Pakistan”, PAPG, SPE, ATC, Islamabad, pp. 124-145, 2002.
[5] I.A.K. Jadoon, W. Frisch, T.M. Jaswal and A. Kemal, “Triangle zone in the Himalayan foreland, north Pakistan”, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, vol. 328 pp. 277–286, 1999.
[6] R.J. Lillie, G.D. Johnson, M. Yousaf, A.S.H. Zamin, and R.S. Yeats, “Structural development within the Himalayan foreland fold-and-thrust belt of Pakistan, In: Sedimentary Basins and Basin-forming Mechanisms”, Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists, Memoir, no. 12, pp. 379-392, 1987.
[7] R.W. Butler, M.P. Coward, G.M. Harwood and R.J. Knipe, “Salt control on thrust geometry, structural style and gravitational collapse along the Himalayan mountain front in the Salt Range of northern Pakistan”, Dynamical Geology of Salt and Related Structures, pp.339-418, 1987. Academic Press.
[8] D.A. Pivnik and W.J. Sercombe, “Compression- and transgression-related deformation in the Kohat Plateau, NW Pakistan”, Geological Society Special Publication no. 74 (eds. Treloar,P.J. and Searle, M.P.), pp. 559-580, 1993.
[9] T.M. Jaswal, R.J. Lillie and R.D. Lawrence,“Structure and Evolution of the Northern Potwar Deformed Zone Pakistan”, AAPG Bulletin, no. 81, pp. 308-328,1997.
[10] M. Riaz, P. Nuno, T. Zafar and S. Ghazi, 2 D seismic interpretation of the meyal area, Northern Potwar deform zone, Potwar Basin, Pakistan, Open Geosci. vol. 11, no.1, pp. 1-16, 2019.
[11] E.R. Gee, “Further note on the age of the saline series of the Punjab and of Kohat”, Proc. of the Indian Academy of Sciences Section B, vol. 16, pp. 95-153, 1947.
[12] S. Ghazi, N. Mountney, A. Butt and S. Sharif, “Stratigraphic and Paleo environmental framework of the Early Permian sequence in the Salt Range, Pakistan”, J. Earth Syst. Sci., vol. 121, no. 5, pp. 1239–1255, 2012.
[13] S.I. Shah, “Stratigraphy of Pakistan”, Government of Pakistan Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Resources, Geological Survey of Pakistan, GSP, pp. 245-273, 2009.
[14] I.B. Kadri, “Petroleum geology of Pakistan, sedimentary basins and their evolution”, Pakistan Petroleum Limited, 32pp, 1995.
[15] A.H. Kazmi and I.A. Abbasi, “Stratigraphy & historical geology of Pakistan”, Department & National Centre of Excellence in Geology, NCEG, pp. 524, 2008.
[16] M.A. Khan, R. Ahmed, H.A. Raza and A. Kemal, “Geology of petroleum in Kohat-Potwar Depression, Pakistan”, Am. Assoc. Pet. Geol. Bull., vol. no. 70, pp. 396–414, 1986.
[17] O.C. Mullins, M. Hashem, H. Elshahawi, G. Fujisaw, C. Dong, Betancourt and T. Terabayashi, “Hydrocarbon composition analysis in situ in open hole wireline logging”, Society of Petrophysicists and Well-Log Analysts, SPWLA, June 6-9,2004.
[18] B.N. Taylor, "B.8 factors for units listed alphabetically - Section B", Guide for the use of SI Units, NIST, Academic Dictionaries and Encyclopedias, 2007.

Downloads

Published

25-02-2020

How to Cite

[1]
U. Shakir, “Hydrocarbon Reservoir Evaluation and Fault Seal Analysis of Balkassar Area, Potwar Sub Basin, Pakistan”, The Nucleus, vol. 56, no. 3, pp. 96–104, Feb. 2020.

Issue

Section

Articles

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 > >>